Challenges in the human environment

This study area examines the complex interaction between human systems and the environment, focusing on the dynamic nature of urban areas, the global development gap, and the critical issues surrounding resource management. It explores how populations change and migrate, the economic shifts from pre-industrial to post-industrial societies, and the geopolitical and social implications of food, water, and energy security. The content is anchored in the contrast between High Income Countries (HICs), Newly Emerging Economies (NEEs), and Low Income Countries (LICs).