Case studies

    AQA
    GCSE

    The case study is a distinct methodological approach in Sociology, prioritizing depth (validity) over breadth (representativeness). It involves the detailed examination of a single social group, institution, or event, often utilizing qualitative methods such as participant observation or unstructured interviews. Candidates must evaluate the utility of case studies in generating 'verstehen' (empathetic understanding) favored by Interpretivists, while addressing Positivist critiques regarding the lack of generalisability and reliability. Mastery of this topic requires linking specific classic studies to theoretical debates on social class, deviance, and education.

    0
    Objectives
    4
    Exam Tips
    4
    Pitfalls
    3
    Key Terms
    4
    Mark Points

    What You Need to Demonstrate

    Key skills and knowledge for this topic

    • Award marks for the accurate citation of key sociologists (e.g., Young and Willmott) linked to relevant theoretical perspectives.
    • Credit responses that explicitly apply findings from studies to the specific context of the question (AO2) rather than just describing the study.
    • Differentiate between descriptive recall of a study (Band 2) and analytical application to support or challenge a view (Band 4).
    • Candidates must link the methodology of the study (e.g., longitudinal, participant observation) to its validity if relevant to the question.

    Marking Points

    Key points examiners look for in your answers

    • Award marks for the accurate citation of key sociologists (e.g., Young and Willmott) linked to relevant theoretical perspectives.
    • Credit responses that explicitly apply findings from studies to the specific context of the question (AO2) rather than just describing the study.
    • Differentiate between descriptive recall of a study (Band 2) and analytical application to support or challenge a view (Band 4).
    • Candidates must link the methodology of the study (e.g., longitudinal, participant observation) to its validity if relevant to the question.

    Examiner Tips

    Expert advice for maximising your marks

    • 💡Memorise 3-4 key studies for each core topic (Family, Education, Crime, Stratification) covering different perspectives.
    • 💡Use the 'PEEL' structure: Point, Evidence (Named Study), Explanation, Link back to question.
    • 💡For 12-mark questions, ensure you contrast the main study with a counter-argument or alternative study to show evaluation.
    • 💡In Research Methods, use classic case studies (like Willis or Barker) to exemplify issues of generalisability and validity.

    Common Mistakes

    Pitfalls to avoid in your exam answers

    • Confusing the findings of functionalist studies (e.g., Parsons) with New Right or Marxist conclusions.
    • Providing a 'shopping list' of studies without linking them to the specific question stem or argument.
    • Failing to use the 'Item' provided in the exam paper to trigger the inclusion of relevant studies.
    • Describing the procedure of a study (e.g., how Willis entered the school) rather than its sociological findings.

    Key Terminology

    Essential terms to know

    Likely Command Words

    How questions on this topic are typically asked

    Identify
    Describe
    Explain
    Discuss how far
    Outline
    Evaluate

    Ready to test yourself?

    Practice questions tailored to this topic