Impact of social policy on families

    AQA
    GCSE

    Candidates must analyse the relationship between state legislation and family structures, evaluating how social policies construct, reinforce, or challenge specific family forms. The study encompasses the shift from the post-WWII social democratic consensus to New Right neoliberalism and subsequent Third Way/Coalition approaches. Analysis must move beyond description of acts to the ideological drivers behind them (e.g., the 'cereal packet' nuclear family ideal) and their differential impact on class, gender, and ethnicity. Critical engagement with perspectives—Functionalist (march of progress), New Right (dependency culture), Feminist (patriarchal control), and Marxist (ideological state apparatus)—is essential for high-level credit.

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    Objectives
    4
    Exam Tips
    4
    Pitfalls
    3
    Key Terms
    4
    Mark Points

    What You Need to Demonstrate

    Key skills and knowledge for this topic

    • Credit responses that explicitly link the Divorce Reform Act (1969) to the increase in lone-parent and reconstituted families.
    • Award marks for applying New Right perspectives (Murray) regarding the 'nanny state' and 'perverse incentives' created by welfare policies.
    • Candidates must analyze the impact of the Civil Partnership Act (2004) and Marriage (Same Sex Couples) Act (2013) on the legitimization of same-sex families.
    • Reward evaluation that contrasts Feminist views on the Equal Pay Act (1970) with the persistence of the triple shift.

    Marking Points

    Key points examiners look for in your answers

    • Credit responses that explicitly link the Divorce Reform Act (1969) to the increase in lone-parent and reconstituted families.
    • Award marks for applying New Right perspectives (Murray) regarding the 'nanny state' and 'perverse incentives' created by welfare policies.
    • Candidates must analyze the impact of the Civil Partnership Act (2004) and Marriage (Same Sex Couples) Act (2013) on the legitimization of same-sex families.
    • Reward evaluation that contrasts Feminist views on the Equal Pay Act (1970) with the persistence of the triple shift.

    Examiner Tips

    Expert advice for maximising your marks

    • 💡When answering 'Discuss how far' questions, ensure the conclusion explicitly addresses the extent of the impact.
    • 💡Use the provided Item (source) to trigger AO2 application; quote the item and link it to a specific sociological concept.
    • 💡Differentiate between policies that support the traditional nuclear family (e.g., tax breaks for married couples) and those supporting diversity.
    • 💡Allocate 1 minute per mark; do not over-write for the 4-mark 'Identify and explain' questions.

    Common Mistakes

    Pitfalls to avoid in your exam answers

    • Confusing 'social policy' with general 'social norms' or 'values' without citing specific legislation.
    • Asserting that the Divorce Reform Act 'caused' divorce, rather than making it legally accessible.
    • Failing to distinguish between the Civil Partnership Act (2004) and the Marriage (Same Sex Couples) Act (2013).
    • Providing a narrative history of laws without analyzing their sociological impact on family structure.

    Study Guide Available

    Comprehensive revision notes & examples

    Key Terminology

    Essential terms to know

    Likely Command Words

    How questions on this topic are typically asked

    Identify
    Describe
    Explain
    Discuss how far
    Evaluate
    Examine

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